Arthur ijarbarin



A. BARBARIN.

GAS BURNER.

No. 81,733. Patented Spt. 1, 1868.

FIGJ

' WITNESSES m: norms PETERS co., WASHINGI'UN, 0. c4

'20 WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

ew em W Y Letlors .Patent No. 81,733, dated iS'eptentber 1,1868.

mprovement IN GAS-BUBNEBS,

iiigttlgetult rcfettst it in this: Wists filiitlti tut mating part of tilt same.

Be it known'thet I, Anrnun'BAnnsnmof New Orleen's, in the parish of Qrlenns, and State of Lpuisiond,

hove iuvcntedcertnin new end useful Improvements in Self-Opening, Self Iguiting, and Self-Closing Gris Burners; and I hereby declare the following to he a. full, cleor, and exact description of the some, reference being had to'the accompanying drawings. .The object of my invention is to produce 0. practicable self-opening, self-igniting, end self-closing sir-tight burner for gas-lamps, chandeliers, 8cc to dispense with the use of electricity, and with other methods of open ing, igniting, and'extinguishing public or othergaelnmps, os'the case may he.

To obtain such favors-bio and eflective results, I employ hydrogen-gas and ordinary gns-burnerm'with any ct: the following-namedsubstances, or their equivalents, arranged to operate as hereinafter expl'nined, to wit:

Glhss, cnrburcttod oil, glycerine,quieksil\ 'er, coal-tor, platinum in sheet, ribbon, wire gauze, or inu finely .dividod or -spoti'gystlitc, mngnesi a,.limo,chnlk, or ony other rhetoric-l or inaterisls possessing the property of producing the same result. i,

Quicksilver, -it is well known, is the only metelwhioh is liquid ot-oomrnon temperature, and owing peculiar property, and to its freezing-point being 40 below zro,-I find it to be it first rate substitute for the stop-cocks of gas-burners, when applied hurl used, as hereinafter described, to prevent the air enterinQgos-pipes, pnd to prevent the gas contained in'those pipes during the day fromforcing its weyaut, unleesv heprossureof the gas is snflicicntly increased to overcome 'the weight and displacetho quicksilver fronithn curved or'hook-shsped end A of the section-pipe'it, efterthe proper adjustment of the same with thequicksi'liver has been effected;

In order that I may be more clearly understood, I will suppose that the ordinery-prcssureof gas, in-a large city, for tho day's consumption oi private and other burners, is equal-to fifty pounds by'weightL lh such eoeso, each hook-shaped or curved end A of .the pipe A, used for street or other public burners, inust be sun];

deep enough into the quicksilver or substitute, contained in the reserircir a,"-to preventthnt pre'rsur'e of gas from raising or 'dieplecing said quieksilvenhnd. liberating itself. But if en additional pressure of gasbe added-to the fiftyipounds of pressure for which ,the hook-shaped or curved ead-A"has been adjusted, then the quicksilver will be displsced, and the gas will liberate itself, and supply the burner so long-as that excess of pressure is supplied through the muin'and branch-pipes. But as soon as this excess of pressurcis withdrnwii,

we. quicksilver or substitute, being licsvier thnn 'the first fifty pounds st gas-pressure, at once returns to. its first position, which rcclose's the. opening of the curved end A airtight, and keeps itiso closed until the additionol pressure is again applied;

When illuminating-gas is desired-for lighting churches, dwellings, 8m, and hydrogen-gas is fthe only gas manufactured at the works, the transformation of thht' gas into illuminating-gassedepsilybe a'ocomplished,

with hardly any perceptible cost, by simply substituting oorninon gasoline or other cheap; csr ii the water contained in the ordinary waiter-meter 5f each building, which oil will- -notcongeal in ooldweathen-ss is the case with wnter- By substituting gasoline. or othcr cheep cnrburottod' oil for the quicksili'er oonteined'in the reservoir a of my burnerfit will serve the double purpose of producing brilliant illuminu tingg as, audol' preventing the y ontronce of air within the branch-pipe to which the some only be nttn'ched, after the "supply of the-hydrogen- -gas has been .cut oil from solid branch-pipe. The light produced by this carburetted hydrogen is much more brilliantthim the ordinary coal-gas, cspecfizlly when the hydrogen is nmde to pass through naphtha; end by substituting a. strong solution of glycerine, or pure glycerine itself, or coal-,tar, fortbe oil or quicksilver-placed in-ths reservoir a, it will act as well fore stop-cock, and will not congealin cold weather. As to platinum, whether in sheet, wire, ribbon, organ, or whether in s-spongy or finely-divided state,

it is so intusible that no considerable portion of it can beinolted by'tho strongest "li'cats of furnaoes.- It is unchnn'geoble in the air km! water, nor does a white heat impair its polish. It is therefore admirably fitted for emitting a. brilliant light when highly heated. Unlike most other substances, it does not combine with oxygen;

may therefore by kept highly heu'tedfor an indefinite length of time without being consumed; When a clean ems: 2

surface of platinum is presented to a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen-gas} it he's tb' property 1:! gousln ythem to combine with such rapidity us to render the motel red hot. Spongyor finely-divided platinum, us it is u'sucll y culled, isinostetl'cctivo in producing this result; and njot of hydrogen-gas directed upon it may be intlonicd by the metal thus ignited.

In conse uence oi' the.property of platinum to emit a brilliant light when highly heated, without being" impaired, and of the spongy or finely-divided plirtinum to cause the rapid Dillon of hydrogen-gas with the oxygen of the utmosphere, I apply over thejet' or orifice of on ordinary gee-humerus. basket of platinum. gauze in conneotiouor combination with spongyor'finely-dividod ,plotihum,"(to form one or "more devices) in such a manner that when the hydrogemgssds discharged fronrthc jet or orifice of the burner, it shall meet the spongy platinum or its equivulen't,'snd ignite itselfinstantly, after which the flsmeof the burning gas shell find itself within the basket or in any other woy'in immediate contest with the walls of the plutinum basket, heating it intensely, and causing it to shine withu most brilliant light. Instead of a platinum basket or other 'derice's' of the some metal, I also contemplate applying over the jet or orlticoof the gas-burner a cylinder or any other device of magnesia, lime, 0g chn'llr,(or oi" any other materiel to p'rpduce the snm'e efleog) in combination. with the spongy'or finely-divided platinum, or its equivulengto ignite the. gas, and to emit an equally brilliant light. Q

But my invention will be more reiidily understood byreferring to the annexed drawings, forming is part of 'lhis'epccificetion, in which-,

Figured represents one oi my burners complete in all its arts and ready for operetioh.

A is the upper section of n street or oth'erbranoh-pipe, screwed at I) through the thick-headed and threaded nut d, upon the glues, wooden, or metal reservoir a, whiclr nut-d is'screwed to a threaded ring scoured around the lower and larger neck V of the reservoir a, usshon'n upon the drawings. Upon the upper and smaller neck z of this reservoir is secured nnotherth'reoded metal ring, upon which isserowpd on ordinary gas-burner, M. Within said reservoir a, as will be seen, the upper psrtor curved end A of-th pipe)! is placed, bent in the sbope of a hook, with its opening somewhat turned up, in order thottbe some may readily be sunk into the quiellsilver B, or its substitute, contaiiied in the reservoir; so as to close the openingpr orifice of thin; end airtight when not in use. When the burner is to be used, a certain additional pressure of gas, applied through the section-pipe A, displaces the quicksilver or its substitute from the opening in the bent end of the pipe, which quicksilver or substitute is kept displaced fromthet point so long as that additional pressure of the, gas shell eontinue',riu ordsr'thutthe gas may escape through the jet set the burner M, to meetthe spongy o'r finelydividcd platinum is, (pleced'as showuon euchside of the burning) so as to ignite itself instantly. Whenthls takes pluoe its ilalme' will be within oriu immedinte contact with the plutinum-geuze basket-l, or substitute, which willbecome intensely'beated, and shine with n brillinntlig'ht.

The depth to which the curved-ended end Z of figs. 1 end 5 should be sunlr into the quicksilver or subititute, may be regulated boi'orehsud,-uccording to the pressure of gas tbeliqu'id rrill hnve'to resist befpre tbo Additional pressure is applied to overcome then-eight oi the liquid; and the quantity of 'quiekeilvervor its'substitute employed for any single burner, is'of co'u 'to be determined bytbe size of tlie reservoir u,-end by the pressure of gas used. v l

I By screwing or unscrewing the section-pipe A ct b' fig. 1, the bent end-A] may be raised from or lowered into the quicksilver or itssubstitute a t plemaure.- .f is gmordinary gos-stop cock, to he closed only when the reservoir a and quicksilver B are withdrawn fnom the pipe,,to prevent the loss of gas during their withdrawal, but us soon as they are replaced in position for dperutidn,the htop-coclr is sgnimturtied open, end left so' until the reservoir nndquiclr'silvor sre ugein to be withdrawn, which need not be done unless the reservoir should be broken or'should leak .At b, screw-threads are out npounhe lower ends of the pipes A, (figs; 1 and 5,) to

facilitate their application to brunch-pipes provided with interior corresponding screw-threads. I usteud of applying the larger neelr V, nut d,; and sectionspipe A to the bottom of the reservoir afit' desirable, they may be applied elsewhere on the reservoir, above said bottom. 7

And instead of-applying is separate nut, d, to tbometsl ring on the neck V, both can be cost into one solid or single device to be applied as before to tlie neck V, and the reservoir. a in that case, instead of being constructed as shown, should be constructed in two (2) distinct psi-ts, to be screwed together at the centre, so ssto facilitate the introduction of the section-pipe A through the threaded hole (1 of the lower section of the reservoir, and 'hevejts hook-shaped and within thut section, audwithin the reservoir, after the twoparts of snid reservoir are screwed together to represent onnshell; the section-pipe being thenndjusted so before steted.

Figure represents twp spongy ple tinum pockets a s','ep.ch providedwith a small srm,';', secured to the ring 1:, to be placed upon the burner M, as shown ut'fig. 1. These pop hots, with their support?! jj, may be conetruct ed of metal, porcelain, gloss, love, soapstone, he hnd may be of any size and shape. When made of metal or of any other single substance, the'poclrets may lie-formed upon the burner itself, on snob side. of the jet or orifice c, by causing the material to project a little-above and between the jet, for the purpose of drilling the holes on cuch side of the projeotions us shown at fig. I,

when constructedns shown utjgs. 2 and 8, 'it will be seen that the spongy platinum and the genre basket -form two distinct orfseperate devices, end are therefore applied separately tethe burner M, fig. 1.

.Figure 8 represents the platinum-gauze basket constructod in the shspe of s bat's-wing flame.

l is the basket, 2 l the wire supports, and I: the ring, all to be placed upon a, burner, M, as shown et fig. 1, in order that the spongy platinum, or equivalent, may find itself neur-the entrance of the hollow basket, or within said basket or its equivalent, for the purposes before. stpted. Instead of otplnin -ring, lt,'if it be dosinble, the interior of the same may he threaded, so ss'to be screwed upon the burner provided with: eorreepomling screw-thread.

4 This modifiohtion m nybe applied to the i'ingsof the plotinumpoekots when they form separate devices with the light-emitting substoneos, or to-the rings of both when they form but one device.

' Figure 4. represents n c'ylindeiyot' magnceio,-'lime, ch lk ,'or of any otheiflsubstoncqwith an open and enlarged top, and provided with supports. 1 end elo'n'gsled ring it, upon which ring are secured two pockets, is, to receive and to hold the spongy platinum or its equivalent. As will be seen, these formbut one device, while figs. 2 and 3 form two distinct deviees. I I l Instead of on openienld enlorged top, the cylinder A may have the some closed and perforated, or closed withoutperlorntlons, and the top,-if desirable, may have more of a conical shape. 'I do not, hoivever, limit myself 'to any purtioulur size or shape of any of these-light-emittinfi substances, es they may be constructed to suit the taste hlld -lfihfl burners to whioh they should be spplied.

Figuro'5 use modification of fig. 1, as much as relates to the reservoir aloud to the arrangement of the eeotion-pipe A. i t i U V In this figure itwill be seen that the gloss reservoir has a. dot bottom and but one top neck, to whiehineck is secured n thrende'dand elongated metal ring, o, upon which ring is screwed thethick-headed esp 6, provided on'one side of its top ivith' u'short-th'resded shank, W, upon which is screwed the ordinary burner, M, and on thtOtllBlfBltiQ of the' top with e-sere v-thbe', R, hsving its lower end, Z, someuhet bent or curved,that the quioltsil'veri -B, orllits substitute, oontsined' 'n thereservoir-a, 'wh'en displaoed from the'ppening z ofthe' tube,

may not-(whilevibreting and jumping under the pressure of the gas) enter viithin ssid serew-tubesnd hung upon its walhwhieh isfmostly the case when the quicksilver is impure. '.i.his sorewetilbe It is,|ho wevei',to be. adjusted by lovverin g orraising the some, as explained in fig. 1.- 'But a smell elbow, S, may bejnttuohed to "the section-pipe te, es shoivnn'pon the drawings, that the'sume may be screwed or othorwiso connected to the'upparpertof, said screwtube 3., before or after being up lied tojthe supply-pipe by mesns oi'the -'t hr'ende'd end, b. I do not confine myself touny particular size'or, shops of this sorew-thbe, as it may be made struight with or without'nu enlarged lower opening; to "dip into.tlie quioksilver'or substitute, instead of having its lower end somewhat c urved, is shovin upon. the drawings. I ,mey also have to opply e-cheokenut to the outside part of this lsdreiv-tnbmhext to the cap 6, to keep said tube from halving eny'loos'epley after; being udjnsted. A similar, chock-nut maybe. applied 'to th'e section-pipe ,A, at b, fig. 1,170;- the same poi-pose.

Upon the burner M, as shown, is placed e conical lntinumiiirs ooil, 1 supported by arms 1 l,'a ttseheci to the elong'eto'il ring h. Upon the seine ring, it, opposite to each other, end supported by two small aims, are

the tu"o pook ets"i z',:to receive and to hold the'spongy plstinum or its equivalent, above or near the jet of the burner The whole is arranged, as in fig. 4, to form one devioo.

, Insten:d ofthe wire coil, I maypif I desire it,- emp loy' s thin. and nsrrowribbon of plstinnm, formed in the shape of a' cono, as shownat figl 6 but lend-ll, at th sometime, reserve the right to give to the platinum ,ribbon, wire, guuze, or.shet, unyjsh opeb'st suited-to the burner to tvhich it is to be applied.

I em awelr'ethut qniok'silver haslbe'en usedin:conneotionrrith some gas-burners, but with other mechanical urrnnge'me nts to regnlalte th'egfloiv and the consumption-oi" the gas, sud-not eombined and arranged asherein u described, to operute us u substitute for-the ordinury go's-stop cooks of burners, to prevent the entrance of ale .n'ithiri the street or other public-pipes or lumps, and at the sometime to prevent'the gas contained in those pipes from eseeping through the street another public bpyners-during-the day, while private or other burners supplied with gas through the some main pipe ore b eing 'used.

. lam also aware that platinum, in sheet, wire,'gsuze, or ribbon, andthat cylinders, Kiel, oi magnesia, lime, chalk, duo, have alrendy been used in eo'nneotionwith gas-burners, but not in combination with'spongy or finelydivi'ded plotinum,'e.rrenged to operate-as herein set forth.'

, And now, after harin'g'explainod my invention, it will be se n thatmy burneror burners cen prectioe'lly .be milde to open themselves, to ign te themselves, and to close themselves, at will,'-and air-tight, and especially to re-ignite the gas at any time that it may bewblown out'. They can therefore beapplied with-perfect safetyv to street or other-lumps, and they can be mode, at will, to open and iguiteall street 'onothorlamps at a. given time, as well as they can befluude to olose those lu'mpe, air-tight, without the employment ef'extremain or brnnoh-pipes, and without the use of electricity. 1 But ii'desirnbl, espeoially ivhen is large number-0E burners are-used, usin lighti'nga city, a dillerentond ox tru mein pipe and branches may be employed, for the especial supply of gas tothe street-lamps, sa in that case, any number of lemps esn be plat fed under-the'eontrol of one man at u :neln or central station, (and the lamps bo lighted or not, at the will of thet' man, without interference Q with other public o'r privste lights. Imspoh o. case two uisin g'ns 'stoppers on be used, in order to regulate the flow of the gas through either side "of the two main pipes independently of the other. In this last case, the udjustment of the curved ends, A ind 2,0? the seetion-pipe A figs ;1 and 5,-neerl not be sunk us deep in the quicksilver-or its substitute as when but one main pipe h'nd branches are used, because in thispsse the pressure y .of the gas is completely cutoff during the day, and only applied in the evening, while intho other case 0. 09b

1min pressure of gas must be' supplied during the day for private or some other burners, while the additional pressure is only? applied in the evening for'the night's consumption oi all gas-lamps. While my burners, in this application for a patent, seem to have been constructed with a view to operate mostly with hydrogen-gas, for street and other public-lamps, the'y are aseell'eetise to operate with other gas, slid. "can be employed as well for eitherj 'nnd, while. the ignition'lof the hydrogen-gas, as herein explained, is oll'octed through the nlgenoy ofthe spongy, platinum or' its equivalent, either gas may be ignited, with equal euceess,by

means of electricity, if it should be desired to employ that modoof igniting thegas". I

I out uivarethnt gas-burners have herewforo been eombinediwith reservoirs pontuining o hydrocarbon-liquid, nd that the upper ends of the gas-condu ts hove been mode adjustable within the reservoirs; but the object of tsuoh inventions, nndthe only result obtained by them, has been tboorbnrettbe gas or to immune its illuminating properties, thg flow of. gas to-ihq burner biiig mulutdiri the h susl mhn'her. B r rt'the pri ciple oimy inventiuu is ain eliinti Whetheif the liquid possesses uurburettingpropertius ofnot, it is iutendedvto re ulate the flaw] of the gas to [the burnenahflflie cbluuin'l'of liqu'idmuat hen-r the rolatiim' to the pl'tsure 0f gas in the conduit 'hei-e'ir hufure fully set forth; The. adju'stabiiity-of the end of the conduit iu'notintended fur th' purpose oi 'g t more or lc ss perfect car bnrotting of the gap, hu t fo r eqnilijihg oi-adjusting the prossu m o'f e 'column of liquid ahd-tho gas in thc-contluit. w

I am also aware that platinum has hretofore began gmployed toignite gun, u ci I dd hint laim hi-ch ly use for this ph'rpo'se, iny claim, au bel e-in indicated, bainglimitud to its combination with u self-opbriiug and closing gas-huiner; a comhinution in which all the narts do-opemte to prpducqu specific result, viz, the letting in mm lighting th-gmi;

After. huviug thus shown the practicability and grunt utilitylof my.iaveutiozfl'und iapeciullylhhvingahoini thakwithoul: the employment of an extra ndiu pipe uhd' 'br'anohea, 61- of lectripity, a'ny nu'ruber of burner;

may beLopened, lighted, and e xtin g uis hdut the ivill oi one man, and he rgi-igniterlatauy time that thugxis mlij What I claim, and dsireto seam-u byLetters Patent, ia-- L 1 Thu niithod, he -ein deacz ihed; of letting on the gas to the burner s'huitin it off therefrom, by the employmentfia couuebtiohwith'the pige igou'dizii fp'r. lupplying gai't under more when, of a r'eservait of quicksilver, giycfine, oiis, ot-otbfii'hon-fraeiing liquid 'iuwhi'ch'the and of mid cohduit is immersed,ftho press,

are-of the gas in $llh conduitbiqg regulated in the u ahner spe'cifiedgso thut,so 'long as the pi-easure does not fe x cegi u pertain iimi t, .tho' gas will bfq retained in in conduit bythe zgeuis'tuuce of the auid liquid, iiithout the .I ua of tdp-cobks'ni oth'e'rfmen! bidinsfil'ytempwyudJut 'whe neydrtho'preuqum is iucreasell no as. to email the said limit, the gas will dvrcquie'thh i'e sistarggu o' f the liqui i,-aucl puss'irom it; cbnduit to the burner, as

set forth.

The use aim! application far zth rpz se uifihildn-thq pi ecegiing ciaux, of naphthgoiotlle'i I hyJi-odurbomliquid, sub's'tautia lly in thdmaunorflescrihed; 'uo tht tneaaid liquid shr ll not only constitute the [stop-cock oi the gaa-cougiuit i hut "aha l1 ulsb'oaubuuet tha gas when the lutiei'i's forced thrdugh it by the pres.

ends of the gab in uhid'cqniluit. I

8, The eombinutian vith afrzise -vo'ii qontuiniug quioksilfieuior o vhel a'uituhle liquid, apical-tying the gasburneryqf 'the built and of-tha gas -iuiiuution pipe,- held within tharehenyoif; and'brrsngefi as desci'ihed, ab'aa to be adjustoii it; a gi-euter or lesa'iiepth'in the liquizl in which it 'is immei'ed, the paid liquifi op'euating, in uonuectimi with the prcsaue of gas in snidpipe, tgshut oil" and let 6n the gas t6 thehumer, as set 'fpith.

v 'Th'obmbiriaiio nzvith'u hururainqihiuh the'flw-uf gus-lisreghlttt-si byjmeuns, offlquickuilxer, iglihi, ox. other liqu'id, in cunneciion' with the pressing of gs in this -ga,s--couduit, as describ'ad, of; a. gua-iguitirig'devioe,

composed uf spongy or fiuely diiided plutimim, 'ur'r'anged above the (irificg: of the burner, so as to B6 brought in contunt with tin; gas issuiiig therefioimus uudfor the purposes set fcrth. u In .tgstimouy whrepi, I have 'signeii my name to th iun before two auhscribin g witnesses.

' I I ARTHUR BARBABIN.

Witnesses:

Josurx Dmuont'wuw; Irm. Bn'i n'm 

